The Human Genome Project aims to decipher human heredity through the generation of genetic, physical, and sequence maps for the 24 different human chromosomes. There is also a commitment to create similar maps for four simpler organisms: a bacterium, a yeast, a round worm, and a fly, as well as the mouse, an organism of genomic complexity comparable to humans. The computational challenges in this project are diverse: those associated with genome data extraction, storage, analysis, and distribution. I will discuss the general nature of biological information embedded in human chromosomes, the current view of progress in the genome program, the major technical computational challenges posed by this initiative, and the implications this program will have for biology and medicine over the next 25 years.

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