The structure of a C++ Program
    While C++ as a language has a great deal of flexibility, there are very 
    specific and detailed requirements with which a program must comply.  
    This section introduces the student to the basic of those requirements.

    Sample program:     myfirst.cpp-display "Come up and C++ me some time"
        * Introduction to C++ output streams
        * Using functions and how they are structured
        * The use of main() function
        * Returning a value from a function
        * Using arguments in calling a function
        * Comments and their importance in structured programming

    C++ preprocessor and its use
        The preprocessor gives great flexibility to the language 
        and provides a structured way to include the standard features of 
        the language. This section is a brief introduction to the 
        preprocessor, so that the student can begin using its features.

        * Header files and how they are included  
        * Standard C++ header files
        * #include

    C++ Output
        C++ has many ways to output information, and cout is one of the 
        simplest and most flexible.  The student can now begin ti display 
        the results of programs.

        * Using cout for simple output
        * Variable conversion using cout
        * cout and print()
        * The << insertion operator
        * |n newline character

    C++ source code formatting
        By their nature, programming languages are usually not a direct 
        extension of native spoken language.  A simple C++ program, perhaps 
        more than most, can be obfuscated by poor structure.  It is time 
        to begin developing good formatting habits.
    
        * Lone oriented versus statement oriented languages
        * ; terminated statements
        * Introduction to language syntax
        * C+ coding style conventions

    Some basic C++ statments 
        Statements in C++ do the rteal work of the program.  This section is 
        an introduction to a variety of statements available in the language 
        and how they are constructed.

        Sample programs:        fleas.cpp - "My cat has 28 fleas"
                                yourcat.cpp - input the number of fleas your cat 
                                has

        * Use of variables in c++
        * C++ language keywords
        * Declaration statement to create a variable
        * Assignment statement
        * Operator overloading
        * Input using cin
    
    Functions
        Functions are one type of C++ statement.  Here the student learns about 
        how to call functions, both from the standard library and user-defined

        Sample programs:        sqrt.cpp - using the library function sqrt()
                                ourfunc.cpp - user-defined function
                                convert.cpp - convert stones to pounds 

        * Calling conventions, with and without arguments
        * Return values
        * Function prototype for every function
             Prototype: how the function relates to the outside world
             Function: Black box
        * Using header files for function prototypes
        * Standard library functions
        * User-defined functions
        * Function header
             Return value type
             Name of function
             Arguments to functions
        * Function body in braces
        * All function are created equal
   
    Introduction to C++ objects
        With the foundation laid so far, we now introduce one of the keys of
        the power of C++; objects.  Objects are covered in great detail later, 
        but the student starts an understanding of object-oriented programming

        * Concepts of classes
        * Objects - particular instance of a class
        * Class libraies
        * Messages to objects
        * Class methods